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The Working Group of the American Psychological Association working on revising the diagnostic criteria of personality disorders for the publication of the new edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-5, has simplified the criteria initially proposed.

Mental Health

The publication of the new edition of the manual used internationally by health professionals, insurers, Is scheduled for 2013.

The criteria include three dimensional components, that is to say, whose elements are rated on a scale. The dimensional aspect is a significant change from the DSM-IV (and for several other diagnoses). Those three components:

1. a score assessing the level of general personality functioning;
2. scores assessing the correspondence to certain personality types (which are the 10 disorders DSM-IV current);
3. independent dimensions (that is to say separated types, unlike the version originally proposed) for six areas of personality traits, which were determined based on models of personality (such as the famous model 5 factors).

These three components are combined to give the criterion A (dysfunction of the personality) and criterion B (good match to any of the types or extreme valuation on one of the six traits) of the general definition of a disorder personality.

This model, argues the group work is flexible and focuses attention on the psychopathology of personality with increasing degrees of specificity, depending on the weather, information and expertise available.

Thus:

1. the first score indicating the level of functioning to determine whether a person has a personality problem, and if so, its level of severity;
2. type allows the characterization of the disorder;
3. ratings on traits allow a more detailed description of heterogeneity compared to the 10 pre-defined types, if desired, and also describe the people that do not correspond to any of 10 types.

The working group had originally proposed a system with 5 predefined types rather than the current 10, which had been controversial (excluding the narcissistic personality disorder in particular had been questioned). To facilitate the transition of DSM-IV DSM-5, 10 types will be preserved.

This model is currently being tested for its reliability and clinical utility. Future changes, based on these tests are anticipated.

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